Skip to main content
Aphid Species File
Family

Adelgidae Schouteden, 1909

Type

type genus of Adelgidae Schouteden, 1909

Nomenclature (249)

  • Chermides Herrich-Schaeffer, 1854 (not Latin)

    type genus Chermes Linnaeus, 1758

  • Chermesinae Herrich-Schaeffer, 1854 (not Latin)

    type genus Chermes Linnaeus, 1758

  • Chermaphinae [sic] Hunter, 1901 in Favret, 2017
  • Adelgidae Schouteden, 1909 in Chou, Shen, Chu & Yeh, 2025: 1.

Nomenclature references (88)

  • Herrich-Schaeffer, D. (1854) Vorwort des Herausgebers. In C.L. Koch (Ed.). Die Pflanzenläuse Aphiden getreu nach dem Leben abgebildet und beschrieben. J.L. Lotzbeck, Nürnberg. Vol. 1, pp. III-VIII. [in German]
  • Passerini, G. (1863) Aphididae Italicae hucusque observatae. Archivio per la Zoologia, 2(2), 129–212.
  • Walker, F. (1868) Notes on Aphides. The Zoologist, 3(August), 1328–1333.
  • Walker, F. (1868) Notes on Aphides. The Zoologist, 3(January), 1048–1053.
  • Targioni-Tozzetti, A. (1875) Del pidocchio della Fillossera della vite e delle specie del genere Philloxera in Europa e in America. Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana, 7(4), 266–319.
  • Thomas, C. (1878) Second annual report by Cyrus Thomas. Report of the State Entomologist on the Noxious and Beneficial Insects of the State of Illinois, 7th report, 131 pp.
  • Thomas, C. (1879) Third annual report by Cyrus Thomas. Report of the State Entomologist on the Noxious and Beneficial Insects of the State of Illinois, 8th report, 212 pp. [in English] Available at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56645924
  • Buckton, G.B. (1883) Monograph of British Aphides. The Ray Society, London, Vol. 4, 228 pp. [in English]
  • Oestlund, O.W. (1887) Synopsis of the Aphididae of Minnesota. Bulletin of the Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota, 4, 100 pp.
  • Ashmead, W.H. (1889) A generic synopsis of the Aphididae. Entomologica Americana, 5(10-11), 185–189.
  • Krassilstschik, J. (1894) Zur vergleichenden Anatomie und Systematik der Phytophthires. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 16(415), 97–102. [1893]
  • Del Guercio, G. (1900) Prospetto dell'afidofauna italica. Nuove Relazioni Intorno ai Lavori della Regia Stazione di Entomologia Agraria di Firenze. Serie Prima, 2, 1–236. [in Italian]
  • Hunter, W.D. (1901) The Aphididae of North America. Bulletin of the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station, 60, 63–138.
  • Sanborn, C.E. (1904) Kansas Aphididae, with catalogue of North American Aphididae, and with host-plant list. The Kansas University Science Bulletin, 3(1), 1–82.
  • Börner, C. (1906) Untersuchungen über Tannenwollänse. Mitteilungen aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, 2, 32–33.
  • Börner, C. (1907) Untersuchungen über Tannenwolläuse. Mitteilungen aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, 4, 54–60.
  • Bartholomew, C.E. (1908) A study in wing veination. Family Aphididae. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 15, 173–175.
  • Börner, C. (1908) Eine monographische Studie über die Chermiden. Arbeiten aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, 6(2), 81–320.
  • Börner, C.J.B. (1908) Systematik und Biologie der Chermiden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 32(14), 413–428. [1907; in German] Available at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9895119
  • Börner, C. (1909) Untersuchungen über die Chermiden. Mitteilungen aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, 8, 50–60.
  • Schouteden, H. (1909) Rhynchota für 1908. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 75(2–2–2), 136–219.
  • Börner, C. (1910) Untersuchungen über Chermiden. Mitteilungen aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, 10, 25–26.
  • Nüsslin, O. (1910) Zur Biologie der Gattung Chermes (i. a. S.) III. Biologisches Centralblatt, 30(1), 16–36.
  • Nüsslin, O. (1910) Zur Biologie der Gattung Chermes (i. a. S.) III. Biologisches Centralblatt, 30(2), 64–72.
  • Börner, C. (1911) Untersuchungen über Chermiden. Mitteilungen aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, 11, 36–38.
  • Grassi, G.B., Foà, A., Grandori, R., Bonfigli, B. & Topi, M. (1912) Contributo alla Conoscenza delle fillosserine ed in particolare della fillossera della vite. Ministero d’Agricoltura, Industria e Commercio, Rome, 459 pp. [in Italian]
  • Börner, C.J.B. (1913) Aphidoïden. Aphididen, Blattläuse. In L. Reh (Ed.). Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten von Prof. Dr. Paul Sorauer: Vol. Volume 3. Paul Parey, Berlin. pp. 654–683. [in German]
  • van der Goot, P. (1913) Zur Systematik der Aphiden. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 56, 69–155. [in German] Available at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27956947
  • Mordvilko, A.K. (1914) Insectes Hémiptères (Insecta Hemiptera). I. Aphidodea. Faune de la Russie et des pays limitrophes fondée principalement sur les collectionnes du Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Petrograd, Livraison 1, I-CLXIV, 1–236, 1–9.
  • van der Goot, P. (1915) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Holländischen Blattläuse. Eine Morphologisch-Systematische Studie. H.D. Tjeenk Willink & Zoon, Haarlem, Netherlands, 600 pp.
  • Swain, A.F. (1919) A synopsis of the Aphididae of California. University of California Publications in Entomology, 3, 221 pp. [in English]
  • van der Goot, P. (1919) Keys to the genera and tribes of Aphididae. University of California Publications in Entomology, 3, 154–158. [in English]
  • Takahashi, R. (1921) Aphididae of Formosa Part 1. Agricultural Experiment Station Special Report, 20, 97 pp. [in English] Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8689035
  • Gaumont, L. (1923) Contribution à l'étude des Aphididae de France. Annales des Épiphyties (Paris), 9, 309–346.
  • Patch, E.M. (1923) Family Aphididae. In W.E. Britton (Ed.). Bulletin of the Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey. Vol. 34, pp. 250–335.
  • Guyton, T.L. (1924) A taxonomic, ecologic and economic study of Ohio Aphididae. The Ohio Journal of Science, 24(1), 1–30.
  • Börner, C.J.B. (1926) Zuchtung der Homopteren. In E. Abderhalden (Ed.). Handbuch der biologischen Arbeitsmethoden: Vol. 9 part 1. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin & Wien. Issue 2, pp. 215–270. [in German]
  • Annand, P.N. (1928) A contribution toward a monograph of the Adelginae (Phylloxeridae) of North America. Stanford University Publication University Series Biological Science, 6(1), 1–146. [in English]
  • Börner, C.J.B. (1930) Beiträge zu einem neuen System der Blattläuse. Archiv für klassifikatorische und phylogenetische Entomologie, 1(2), 115–180. [in German]
  • Börner, C.J.B. & Schilder, F.A. (1931) Aphidoidea, Blattläuse. In L. Reh (Ed.). Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten Begründet von Paul Sorauer: Vol. Volume 5. Paul Parey, Berlin. Issue 2, pp. 551–715. [1932; in German]
  • Francke-Grosmann, H. (1937) Zur Morphologie der Tannenlaus Dreyfusia prelli Grosmann und ihrer Galle auf Picea orientalis Lk. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten (Pflanzenpathologie) und Pflanzenschutz, 47(9), 465–482. [in German]
  • Oestlund, O.W. (1942) Systema Aphididae. A Guide to the Phylogeny of the Aphids or Plant Lice. Augustana Book Concern, Rock Island, Illinois, USA, 78 pp. [in English]
  • Börner, C.J.B. (1944) Aphidoidea. In P. Brohmer (Ed.). Fauna von Deutschland: Ein Bestimmungsbuch unserer heimischen Tierwelt. Fifth Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg. pp. 206–220. [in German]
  • Börner, C. (1952) Europae centralis Aphides. Die Blattläuse Mitteleuropas. Namen, Synonyme, Wirtspflanzen, Generationszyklen. In Mitteilungen der Thüringischen Botanischen Gesellschaft: Vol. supplement 3. . . Issue 1, 1–259 pp. [in German]
  • Cottier, W. (1953) Aphids of New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin, 106, 382 pp.
  • Inouye, M. (1953) Monographische Studie über die japanischen Koniferen-Gallenläuse (Adelgidae). Bulletin of the Sapporo Branch of the Government Forest Experiment Station, 15, 91 pp. [in German]
  • Pašek, V. (1954) Conifer aphids in Czechoslovakia (Homoptera - Aphidoidea). Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 321 pp. [in Czech]
  • Schneider-Orelli, O. & Schneider, F. (1954) Dreyfusia-Befall an Abies pindrow im Nordwesthimalaya. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 27(4), 413–422.
  • Börner, C.J.B. & Heinze, K. (1957) Aphidina - Aphidoidea Blattläuse, plantlice (aphids), pucerons (aphides). In L. Reh (Ed.). Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten von Prof. Dr. Paul Sorauer. Paul Parey, Berlin. Vol. 5, Issue 4, 402 pp. [in German]
  • Becker-Migdisova, E.E. & Aizenberg, E.E. (1962) Infraorder Aphidomorpha. In B.B. Rohdendorf (Ed.). Fundamentals of Paleontology. A Manual for the Paleontologists and Geologists of the USSR. Volume 9. Arthropoda: Tracheata, Chelicerata. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. pp. 194–199. [in Russian]
  • Gómez-Menor Ortega, J. (1962) Lachnidae de España (Hom. Sternorrhyncha). Revista Española de Entomología, 38(3), 347–413. [in Spanish; Castilian]
  • Heinze, K. (1962) Pflanzenschädliche Blattlausarten der Familien Lachnidae, Adelgidae und Phylloxeridae, eine systematische-faunistische Studie. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 9(1-2), 143–227. [in German] https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.19620090108
  • Eastop, V.F. (1963) Proposed validation of Psylla Geoffroy, 1762, and suppression of Chermes Linnaeus, 1758, under the Plenary Powers (Insecta, Hemiptera). Z.N.(S.) 1515. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 20(2), 139–144.
  • Steffan, A.W. (1964) Problems of evolution and speciation in Adelgidae (Homoptera: Aphidoidea). The Canadian Entomologist, 96(1-2), 155–157. [in English] https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent96155-1
  • Dmitriev, G.V. (1965) Chermes - Pests of conifer trees in parks and green spaces in Ukraine. Protect Native Nature, 4, 157–203. [in Ukrainian]
  • Evans, G.O. & China, W.E. (1965) Opinion 731. Psylla Geoffroy, 1762 (Insecta, Hemiptera): validated under the plenary powers with suppression of Chermes Linnaeus, 1758. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 22(2), 86–87. [in English] Available at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12222467
  • Eastop, V.F. (1966) A taxonomic study of Australian Aphidoidea (Homoptera). Australian Journal of Zoology, 14, 399–592. [in English] https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9660399
  • Heie, O.E. (1968) Pliocene aphids from Willerhausen (Homoptera: Aphidoidea). Beihefte zu den Berichten der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover, 6, 25–39. [in English]
  • Lampel, G. (1968) Die Biologie des Blattlaus-Generationswechsles Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung terminologischer Aspekte. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 264 pp.
  • Steffan, A.W. (1968) Elektraphididae, Aphidinorum nova familia e sucino baltico (Insecta: Homoptera: Phylloxeroidea). Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Systematik, 95(8), 1–15. [in German]
  • Steffan, A.W. (1968) Evolution und Systematik der Adelgidae (Homoptera: Aphidina). Eine Verwandtschaftsanalyse auf vorwiegend ethologischer, zytologischer und kardiologischer Grundlage. Zoologica, Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Zoologie, 40(lieferung 5 heft 115), 139 pp. [in German]
  • Carter, C.I. (1971) Conifer woolly aphids (Adelgidae) in Britain. Forestry Commission Bulletin, 42, 51 pp.
  • Eastop, V.F. & Van Emden, H.F. (1972) The insect material. In H.F. Van Emden (Ed.). Aphid Technology. Academic Press, London. pp. 1–45. [in English]
  • Steffan, A.W. (1972) Unterordnung Aphidina, Blattläuse. In W. Schwenke (Ed.). Die Forstschädlinge Europas. Ein Hanbuch in fünf Bänden. Erster Band: Würmer, Schnecken, Spinnentiere, Tausendfüssler und hemimetabole Insekten. Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin. pp. 162–370. [in German]
  • Bertels, A. (1973) Revisão de afídeos no Rio Grande do Sul. Boletim Técnico, 84, 1–64. [in Portuguese]
  • Ivanovskaya, O.I. (1977) Families Adelgidae - Chaitophoridae. In Aphids of Western Siberia. Biological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. Vol. 1, 272 pp. [in Russian]
  • Nieto Nafría, J.M. & Mier Durante, M.P. (1977) Claves para la identificación de los pulgones (Hom. Aphidinea) de la Macaronesia. In J.M. Nieto Nafría, M.P. Mier Durante, & A. Carnero Hernández (Eds.). Estudios afidológicos de las Islas Canarias y de la Macaronesia. Excelentísimo Cabildo Insular de Tenerife, Aula de Cultura, Salamanca. pp. 67–91. [in Spanish; Castilian]
  • Lampel, G. (1978) Die Blattläuse, eine wenig beachtete Insektengruppe. Bulletin de la Société fribourgeoise des Sciences naturelles, 67(1), 45–68. [in German]
  • Ghosh, A.K. (1983) A review of the family Adelgidae from the Indian subregion (Homoptera: Aphidoidea). Oriental Insects, 17(1), 1–34. [in English] https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1983.10433690
  • Binazzi, A. (1984) Chiave per le specie afidiche più note delle conifere in Europa. Redia, 67(appendix), 547–571. [in Italian]
  • Agarwala, B.K. & Ghosh, A.K. (1985) Monograph on Oriental Aphidoidea: Key to the genera and synoptic list. Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India, 16(3), 1–118. [in English]
  • Melville, R.V. & Smith, J.D.D. (1987) Official Lists and Indexes of Names and Works in Zoology, 366 pp.
  • Pashtshenko, N.F. (1988) Suborder Aphidinea–Aphids. In P.A. Lehr (Ed.). Homoptera and Heteroptera. Keys to the Insects of the Far East of the USSR. Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Vol. 2, pp. 546–686. [in Russian]
  • Millar, I.M. (1990) The aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) of South Africa, an identification guide. Entomology Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture of the Republic of South Africa, 78, 105 pp. [in English]
  • Becker-Migdisova, E.E. & Aizenberg, E.E. (1991) Infraorder Aphidomorpha. In B.B. Rohdendorf (Ed.). Fundamentals of Paleontology. Volume 9: Arthropoda, Tracheata, Chelicerata. Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington, DC. pp. 267–274. [in English] Available at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32125548
  • Stoetzel, M.B. (1998) Antennal and other characters useful in identification of the Aphidoidea (Homoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 100(3), 588–593. [in English] Available at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16150442
  • Zhang, G. (1999) Adelgidae. In G. Zhang (Ed.). Fauna of Agricultural and Forestry Aphids of Northwest, China: Insecta Homoptera Aphidinea. China Environmental Sciences Press, Beijing. pp. 116–117. [in Chinese]
  • Bourgoin, T., Szwedo, J. & Lefebvre, F. (2004) About Hemiptera phylogeny and classification. In J. Szwedo, T. Bourgoin, & F. Lefebvre (Eds.). Fossil Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) of the world. An annotated catalogue with notes on Hemiptera classification. Studio 1, Warsaw. pp. 11–36. [in English]
  • Ponsen, M.B. (2006) A histological description of the alimentary tract and related organs of Adelgidae (Homoptera, Aphidoidea). Wageningen Agricultural University Papers, 06(1), 103 pp. [in English]
  • Foottit, R.G., Maw, H.E.L., Havill, N.P., Ahern, R.G. & Montgomery, M.E. (2009) DNA barcodes to identify species and explore diversity in the Adelgidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(supplement 1), 188–195. [in English] https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02644.x
  • Heie, O.E. & Węgierek, P. (2009) A classification of the Aphidomorpha (Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha) under consideration of the fossil taxa. Redia, 92, 69–77. [in English]
  • Heie, O.E. & Węgierek, P. (2009) Diagnoses of the higher taxa of Aphidomorpha (Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha). Redia, 92, 261–269. [in English]
  • Zurovcová, M., Havelka, J., Starý, P., Věchtová, P., Chundelová, D., Jarošová, A. & Kučerová, L. (2010) “DNA barcoding” is of limited value for identifying adelgids (Hemiptera:Adelgidae) but supports traditional morphological taxonomy. European Journal of Entomology, 107, 147–156. [in English] https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2010.020
  • Sano, M. & Ozaki, K. (2012) Variation and evolution of the complex life cycle in Adelgidae (Hemiptera). Entomological Science, 15(1), 13–22.
  • Favret, C., Havill, N.P., Miller, G.L., Sano, M. & Victor, B. (2015) Catalog of the adelgids of the world (Hemiptera, Adelgidae). ZooKeys, 534, 35–54. [in English] https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.534.6456
  • Albrecht, A.C. (2017) Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha). European Journal of Taxonomy, 338, 1–160. [in English] https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.338
  • Favret, C. (2017) Case 3714 – Adelgidae Schouteden, 1909 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphidomorpha): proposed conservation by reversal of precedence with Pineini Nüsslin, 1909 and Chermaphidinae Hunter, 1901. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 74(2), 57–61. [in English] https://doi.org/10.21805/bzn.v74.a019
  • Chou, M., Shen, Z., Chu, I. & Yeh, W. (2025) Species delimitation and biogeography of Adelgidae (Hemiptera): phylogeographic origin of newly discovered Adelges in Taiwan and their North American sister. Insect Systematics and Diversity, 9(2), ixaf008 (19 pp). [in English] https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaf008

Descendants and synonyms

Stats

Summary of taxonomic names by rank, showing valid extant names, fossil names, invalid names, and total counts.
TaxonValid names
RankExtantFossilInvalidTotal
Family102728
Subfamily0000
Genus3003
Subgenus1003949
Species821258341
Subspecies1004454